大气环境监测卫星宽幅成像仪高性能碲镉汞红外探测芯片

宽幅成像仪(WSI)是大气环境监测卫星中的主要载荷之一,可以提供从可见光到长波红外的地球环境成像遥感数据。宽幅成像仪中搭载了从1.3~12.5 μm红外波段进行探测的8个波段碲镉汞红外探测器,各波段采用窄带滤光片进行分光,8个波段的碲镉汞探测器封装在短波、中波和长波3个组件中。本文中对8个波段的碲镉汞红外探测器进行了概述,内容涵盖了探测器的设计思想、制备工艺和测试方法,最后给出了目前在轨运行的高性能探测器组件的探测率性能和响应光谱,同时与各波段器件的探测率指标进行了对比。     

子空间干扰加高斯杂波背景下基于 GLRT的斜对称方向检测器设计

文章研究了背景为子空间干扰加高斯杂波的距离扩展目标方向检测问题。杂波是均值为零协方差矩阵未知但具有斜对称特性的高斯杂波,目标与干扰分别通过具备斜对称特性的目标子空间和干扰子空间描述。针对方向检测问题,利用上述斜对称性,根据广义似然比检验(Generalized Likeli-hood Ratio Test,GLRT)准则的一步与两步设计方法,设计了基于 GLRT的一步法与两步法的距离扩展目标方向检测器。通过理论推导证明了这 2种检测器相对于未知杂波协方差矩阵都具有恒虚警率。对比相同背景下已有检测器,特别是在辅助数据有限的场景下,文章提出的 2个检测器表现出了优越的检测性能。     

Experimental study on rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock

Traditional rotary ultrasonic vibration drilling rock (f_z < 2A) is an effective drilling rock method, but its feed rate is limited by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude, resulting in lower drilling efficiency. In this paper, based on the requirements of drilling efficiency in the asteroid sampling mission, the process method of rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock (f_z > 2A) was proposed. The mechanism of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock was analyzed, and the propagation of ultrasonic energy in the process of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock was analyzed. Using the small diameter cemented carbide triangular bit as the drilling tool, the comparative test of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling and traditional drilling of sandstone, marble, and basalt was carried out. The experimental results showed that there was a specific feed rate range for each type of rock, so that the weight on bit required for ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling was less than that of traditional drilling. With the increase of firmness coefficient of sandstone, marble, and basalt, the ratio of weight on bit to feed rate was increased, and the effective feed rate range of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling was reduced. The ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock (f_z > 2A) was one of the alternative methods for drilling rock on the asteroid surface.     

飞行器管路异质界面损伤超声导波传播机理仿真分析

超声导波具有在传播路径上能量衰减小,传播距离远,可以实现大范围、全方位管路监测的优点,在航天飞行器管路监测领域具有巨大的潜在应用价值。建立了飞行器管路损伤和典型管路异质界面(焊缝、充气/充液管路)模型,研究了超声导波在管路损伤和典型异质界面耦合中传播机理,为飞行器管路损伤提取和定量评估提供了有效的分析手段。     

Quasi-periodicities in cosmic rays recorded by the KACST muon detector during 2002–2012

In this study, daily cosmic ray data obtained with the KACST muon detector for the period 2002–2012 were analyzed for quasi-periodicities. Power-spectrum analysis was carried out and several periodicities were identified. The results reveal several periodicities at different frequency scales: 817 days (~2.19 years), 617 days (~1.7 years), 475 days (~1.3 years), 421 days (1.15 years), 290 days (~0.8 years), 227 days (~0.62 years), 185 days (~0.52 years), 153 days, 135 days, 120 days, 93 days, 84 days, 73 days, 65 days, 53–45 days, 38 days, 31 days, 25–27 days, 21 days and 13 days. The obtained periodicities are in an agreement with those previously reported by several investigators.The identified periodicities have strong relevance to solar activity parameters such as variations in the interplanetary magnetic field.In comparison, the data from two neutron monitors (NMs), Lomnický ?tít and Oulu NMs, for the same period were used and their power spectra were correspondingly obtained. Similarities and differences in the position of the cosmic-ray peaks measured by the KACST muon detector and by the two NMs have been presented and discussed. While most of the periodicities reported by the muon detector are also found in the NM data, the ~1.7-yr variation is not found. Instead, a shift of 1.6–1.8 years in the NM data is observed which may be due to the limited epoch considered in this study.     

超声波辐照对聚合物及其复合材料性能的影响

综述了超声辐照对聚合物及其复合材料在超细添加材料分散、力学性能、理化性能以及组织结构等方面的影响规律及其相应的作用机理,提出了超声波辐照工艺与其他工艺复合等的发展趋势和应用前景。     

基于DSP的二维运动机构位置测量与控制技术

电机位置测量是伺服控制的关键技术。在分析二维运动机构光栅尺输出信号的基础上,设计DSP对光栅尺信号进行接收和数据处理,并确定采样周期,在PID算法的基础上提出二维运动机构超声波电机的运动控制方案,从而实现了二维运动机构的高精度、高响应控制。     

过盈配合应力分布超声测量与连接力预测

为了实现过盈配合应力分布的测量和连接力预测,以超声波脉冲反射法原理为基础,建立了超声测量系统及标定装置。首先,利用标定装置对反射系数的影响因素进行了分析。然后,用所搭建的超声测量系统测量了3种过盈量(6μm,12μm和18μm)的应力分布,并根据测量结果实现了连接力的预测。最后,通过压出实验对预测结果进行了验证。研究表明,耦合剂、粗糙度的大小和纹理方向及覆型边界是影响测量精度的关键因素。本文建立的覆型边界误差分析模型可以实现测量误差的预测及补偿。应力分布测量结果能够有效反应配合面间的接触状态及缺陷,连接力的相对误差小于16%。因此,本文所建立的分析方法和测量系统可以实现应力分布的准确测量与连接力的可靠预测,并为过盈组件配合质量与连接力的可靠评估提供了技术支撑。此外,本文的研究方法具有普遍的适用性,对实现不同接触面间应力的测量具有一定的指导意义。     

Successes and challenges in non-destructive testing of aircraft composite structures

Composite materials are increasingly used in the aerospace industry. To fully realise the weight saving potential along with superior mechanical properties that composites offer in safety critical applications, reliable Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods are required to prevent catastrophic failures. This paper will review the state of the art in the field and point to highlight the success and challenges that different NDT methods are faced to evaluate the integrity of critical aerospace composites. The focus will be on advanced certificated NDT methods for damage detection and characterization in composite laminates for use in the aircraft primary and secondary structures.     

固化炉成型复合材料孔隙率超声检测方法研究

中航通飞研发的AG300型飞机是以碳纤维复合材料为主材料的新型公务机,该机型采用更为高效的新型复材制作工艺,但其同样存在孔隙率较大的问题。孔隙率的大小及分布特征直接影响到结构件特别是应力集中的关重件的力学性能,故急需对其孔隙率进行可靠和准确的无损评价。提出一种通过喷涂溶剂的复合材料孔隙率试块制备方法,利用超声衰减法和金相分析法对前人的经验公式进行标定,将标定后的经验公式计算出来的孔隙率与经过金相分析得到的孔隙率结果进行比对,画出拟合曲线,结果表明误差不大于0.4%,验证了该经验公式应用于工程实践的可行性。